ABSTRACT
COVID-19 pandemic is a major worldwide health disaster firstly reported in December 2019. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has offered the public hope of halting it, authorizing vaccinations for emergency use with more than 85% efficacy against serious acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). Recent outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 variations including spike-protein mutations, the key vaccines viral target for immune response, have prompted a thorough investigation into the vaccine's long-term effectiveness. Consequently, this review assayed the details on SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanism and how to control the infection by different types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and their effectiveness against other mutant strains. Additionally, the review summarized the different complaints which have been recorded after vaccination. In conclusion, these negative effects must be constantly weighed against the predicted advantages in terms of disease prevention. Although COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for everyone aged 5 years and older, SARS-CoV-2 is high likely to continue to be a pandemic infectious as a result of the broadcasting of variants of the virus. Therefore, a booster vaccination, wearing a mask, and social distancing should be maintained. © 2023 Global NEST.
ABSTRACT
The World Health Organization declared on March 11, 2020 that the COVID-19 epidemic has become a pandemic. In Tunisia, the Ministry of Health has recommended enhanced preventive hygiene measures to contain and limit the spread of the virus. Following the entry of Tunisia into phase 4 of the COVID-19 epidemic, the Tunisian Association of Surgery proposed recommendations related to surgical activity. Surgical emergencies must be treated urgently and without delay. Non-tumor pathologies which require surgery in an elective situation and for which the risk of aggravation or complication is considered low shoud be postponed. For digestive tumor pathology, and apart from complicated forms, neoadjuvant treatment is highly recommended in the context of multidisciplinary concertation staff.